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Science

Valentina Tereshkova

A textile-mill worker and amateur parachutist; the first — and still only — woman to fly to space alone.

Born
1937 · Maslennikovo, Yaroslavl Oblast, USSR
Roots
Russian; village family
Family
Working class
Her tractor-driver father was killed in the Winter War when she was two; her mother worked in a textile mill.
Education
Evening classes and correspondence courses while working at the mill
Started with
A parachute club
An amateur skydiver at the Yaroslavl aeroclub while working in a textile mill — exactly the profile the cosmonaut program wanted.
Affiliations & societies
Communist Party of the Soviet UnionDocumented
Member from 1962; later served on the party's Central Committee.
Information only — claims like these are often unverifiable and may be wrong.

The pathway

  1. 1954 · age 17
    The mill

    Tire factory, then the textile mill where her mother and sister worked; school continues by correspondence.

  2. 1959 · age 22
    First jump

    Takes up parachuting at the local aeroclub; logs well over a hundred jumps.

  3. 1962 · age 25
    Selected

    One of five women chosen from hundreds; trains in secret while telling her mother it's a skydiving team.

  4. 1963 · age 26
    Vostok 6

    Three days and 48 orbits — more flight time than every American astronaut combined to that date.

  5. 1963 · age 26
    A global symbol

    No woman flies to space alone again; the next Soviet woman flies 19 years later.

  6. 2011 · age 74
    Parliament

    A long political career in the State Duma follows her cosmonaut years.

Sources

Compiled from these references and contemporaneous press reporting. Figures are approximate; verify before relying on them.